As we learned in Chapter 4, Understanding IPv4 and IPv6, there are a finite number of IPv4 addresses that can be publicly assigned to devices that are connected directly to the internet. Imagine if each device, both in a LAN (computers, servers, printers, and so on) and the internet, all had a unique public IPv4 address. The pool of public IPv4 addresses would have been exhausted many years ago, probably before the creation of smartphone and Internet of Things (IoT) devices.
The private IPv4 address space, defined by RFC 1918, was designed for IP networks within an organization and not on the internet. As we learned in the previous chapter, the private IPv4 address space is not unique per organization. The following is the private IPv4 address range:
Now, the following questions arise—how can organizations communicate on the internet with...