Book Image

Practical Machine Learning with R

By : Brindha Priyadarshini Jeyaraman, Ludvig Renbo Olsen, Monicah Wambugu
Book Image

Practical Machine Learning with R

By: Brindha Priyadarshini Jeyaraman, Ludvig Renbo Olsen, Monicah Wambugu

Overview of this book

With huge amounts of data being generated every moment, businesses need applications that apply complex mathematical calculations to data repeatedly and at speed. With machine learning techniques and R, you can easily develop these kinds of applications in an efficient way. Practical Machine Learning with R begins by helping you grasp the basics of machine learning methods, while also highlighting how and why they work. You will understand how to get these algorithms to work in practice, rather than focusing on mathematical derivations. As you progress from one chapter to another, you will gain hands-on experience of building a machine learning solution in R. Next, using R packages such as rpart, random forest, and multiple imputation by chained equations (MICE), you will learn to implement algorithms including neural net classifier, decision trees, and linear and non-linear regression. As you progress through the book, you’ll delve into various machine learning techniques for both supervised and unsupervised learning approaches. In addition to this, you’ll gain insights into partitioning the datasets and mechanisms to evaluate the results from each model and be able to compare them. By the end of this book, you will have gained expertise in solving your business problems, starting by forming a good problem statement, selecting the most appropriate model to solve your problem, and then ensuring that you do not overtrain it.

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Table of Contents (8 chapters)
About the Book
About the Book
About the Authors
Description
Learning Objectives
Audience
Approach
Minimum Hardware Requirements
Software Requirements
Conventions
Installation and Setup
Installing R
Installing R Studio
Installing Libraries
Installing the Code Bundle
Additional Resources
Free Chapter
1
An Introduction to Machine Learning
An Introduction to Machine Learning
Introduction
The Machine Learning Process
Introduction to R
Machine Learning Models
Regression
Summary
2
Data Cleaning and Pre-processing
Data Cleaning and Pre-processing
Introduction
Advanced Operations on Data Frames
Identifying the Input and Output Variables
Identifying the Category of Prediction
Handling Missing Values, Duplicates, and Outliers
Handling Outliers
Summary
3
Feature Engineering
Feature Engineering
Introduction
Types of Features
Time Series Features
Handling Categorical Variables
Derived Features or Domain-Specific Features
Adding Features to a Data Frame
Handling Redundant Features
Feature Selection
Summary
4
Introduction to neuralnet and Evaluation Methods
Introduction to neuralnet and Evaluation Methods
Introduction
Classification
Model Selection
Multiclass Classification Overview
Summary
5
Linear and Logistic Regression Models
Linear and Logistic Regression Models
Introduction
Regression
Linear Regression
Logistic Regression
Regression and Classification with Decision Trees
Model Selection by Multiple Disagreeing Metrics
Summary
6
Unsupervised Learning
Unsupervised Learning
Introduction
Overview of Unsupervised Learning (Clustering)
DIANA
Applications of Clustering
k-means Clustering
Summary
Appendix
Appendix
Chapter 1: An Introduction to Machine Learning
Chapter 2: Data Cleaning and Pre-processing
Chapter 3: Feature Engineering
Chapter 4: Introduction to neuralnet and Evaluation Methods
Chapter 5: Linear and Logistic Regression Models
Chapter 6: Unsupervised Learning

Summary

In this chapter, you trained, evaluated, and compared multiple neural network architectures on the GermanCredit and PimaIndiansDiabetes2 classification tasks. To achieve this, you created balanced partitions and folds with the groupdata2 package. You used the neuralnet package to specify and train neural networks and used those trained models to predict the classes in the development and validation sets. Both in theory and by using caret's confusionMatrix function, you learned how to calculate accuracy, precision, recall, and F1 metrics. You implemented a cross-validation training loop and used it to compare multiple model architectures. Finally, we introduced multiclass classification and the softmax function.

If you wish to build more advanced neural networks while keeping the code simple, the keras package would be a good place to start.

In the next chapter, you will learn how to fit and interpret linear and logistic regression models. We will use the cvms package to easily...

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