GTID has been introduced in MariaDB 10 and adds a new event to each transaction in the binlog. This new event is the Global ID that gives a unique identifier across all the replicated servers. This is how it is different from the classical replication. One of the big advantages is that you can now easily change the master as you get the same transaction ID across all nodes.

The other important thing is the slave is recorded in a crash-safe way. This involves using a transactional engine like InnoDB to be fully crash-safe.

The big difference with the classical replication is that GTID of the last applied transaction is stored in the gtid_slave_pos file of the mysql database. This table is updated each time a transaction is written. If the slave crashes, it is easy for it to catch the last state position and see with the master if it matches the last transaction commit. Having the same GTID number permits us to get consistent binlogs as well.

An important thing to know is classical...