Book Image

Modular Programming in Java 9

By : Koushik Srinivas Kothagal
Book Image

Modular Programming in Java 9

By: Koushik Srinivas Kothagal

Overview of this book

The Java 9 module system is an important addition to the language that affects the way we design, write, and organize code and libraries in Java. It provides a new way to achieve maintainable code by the encapsulation of Java types, as well as a way to write better libraries that have clear interfaces. Effectively using the module system requires an understanding of how modules work and what the best practices of creating modules are. This book will give you step-by-step instructions to create new modules as well as migrate code from earlier versions of Java to the Java 9 module system. You'll be working on a fully modular sample application and add features to it as you learn about Java modules. You'll learn how to create module definitions, setup inter-module dependencies, and use the built-in modules from the modular JDK. You will also learn about module resolution and how to use jlink to generate custom runtime images. We will end our journey by taking a look at the road ahead. You will learn some powerful best practices that will help you as you start building modular applications. You will also learn how to upgrade an existing Java 8 codebase to Java 9, handle issues with libraries, and how to test Java 9 applications.
Table of Contents (19 chapters)
Title Page
Credits
About the Author
About the Reviewers
www.PacktPub.com
Customer Feedback
Preface

Introducing the sample Java 8 application


We will be using a sample Java 8 code base to try migrating to Java 9. It's a command-line shopping bag utility. When you run the application, it prompts you to add items to your shopping bag. Once you've added all the items and you are done, you type end. The application then displays a consolidated shopping list of items that you've added. The application is intentionally simple, but it gives us a good starting point to work through the migration.

Here's a screenshot of the application in action:

The application consists of three classes in three different packages:

  • The ShoppingBag class: It contains a method to add items to a shopping bag, and one to pretty print the contents of the bag. The class uses the Bag data structure from the Apache Commons Collections library. Think of this data structure as something similar to a Set, but with duplicates allowed:
        public class ShoppingBag  { 
     
          public static String END_TOKEN = "end"...