Book Image

Building RESTful Web services with Go

By : Naren Yellavula
Book Image

Building RESTful Web services with Go

By: Naren Yellavula

Overview of this book

REST is an architectural style that tackles the challenges of building scalable web services and in today's connected world, APIs have taken a central role on the web. APIs provide the fabric through which systems interact, and REST has become synonymous with APIs. The depth, breadth, and ease of use of Go, makes it a breeze for developers to work with it to build robust Web APIs. This book takes you through the design of RESTful web services and leverages a framework like Gin to implement these services. The book starts with a brief introduction to REST API development and how it transformed the modern web. You will learn how to handle routing and authentication of web services along with working with middleware for internal service. The book explains how to use Go frameworks to build RESTful web services and work with MongoDB to create REST API. You will learn how to integrate Postgres SQL and JSON with a Go web service and build a client library in Go for consuming REST API. You will learn how to scale APIs using the microservice architecture and deploy the REST APIs using Nginx as a proxy server. Finally you will learn how to metricize a REST API using an API Gateway. By the end of the book you will be proficient in building RESTful APIs in Go.

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Table of Contents (20 chapters)
Title Page
Title Page
Credits
Credits
About the Author
About the Author
Acknowledgments
Acknowledgments
About the Reviewer
About the Reviewer
www.PacktPub.com
www.PacktPub.com
Customer Feedback
Customer Feedback
Preface
Preface
Free Chapter
1
Getting Started with REST API Development
Getting Started with REST API Development
Types of web services
REST verbs and status codes
Rise of REST API with Single Page Applications
Setting up the project and running the development server
Building our first service – finding the Roman numeral
Using Gulp for creating auto code compiling and server reloading
Summary
2
Handling Routing for Our REST Services
Handling Routing for Our REST Services
Getting the code
Understanding Go's net/http package
ServeMux, a basic router in Go
Introducing httprouter, a lightweight HTTP router
Introducing Gorilla Mux, a powerful HTTP router
Creating a basic API layout for URL shortening services
Summary 
3
Working with Middleware and RPC
Working with Middleware and RPC
Getting the code
What is middleware? 
Multiple middleware and chaining
Painless middleware chaining with Alice
Using Gorilla's Handlers middleware for Logging 
What is RPC?
JSON RPC using Gorilla RPC
Summary
4
Simplifying RESTful Services with Popular Go Frameworks
Simplifying RESTful Services with Popular Go Frameworks
Getting the code
go-restful, a framework for REST API creation
CRUD operations and SQLite3 basics
Building a Metro Rail API with go-restful
Building RESTful APIs with the Gin framework
Building a RESTful API with Revel.go
Summary 
5
Working with MongoDB and Go to Create REST APIs
Working with MongoDB and Go to Create REST APIs
Getting the code
Introduction to MongoDB
Installing MongoDB and using the shell
Introducing mgo, a MongoDB driver for Go
RESTful API with Gorilla Mux and MongoDB
Boosting the querying performance with indexing
Designing an e-commerce data document model
Summary
6
Working with Protocol Buffers and GRPC
Working with Protocol Buffers and GRPC
Getting the code
Introduction to protocol buffers
Protocol buffer language
Compiling a protocol buffer with protoc
Introduction to GRPC
Bidirectional streaming with GRPC
Summary
7
Working with PostgreSQL, JSON, and Go
Working with PostgreSQL, JSON, and Go
Getting the code
Installing the PostgreSQL database
pq, a pure PostgreSQL database driver for Go
Implementing a URL shortening service using Postgres and pq
Exploring the JSON store in PostgreSQL
Summary
8
Building a REST API Client in Go and Unit Testing
Building a REST API Client in Go and Unit Testing
Getting the code
Plan for building a REST API client
Basics for writing a command-line tool in Go
grequests – a REST API package for Go
Getting comfortable with the GitHub REST API
Creating a CLI tool as an API client for the GitHub REST API
Using Redis for caching the API data
Creating a unit testing tool for our URL shortening service
Summary
9
Scaling Our REST API Using Microservices
Scaling Our REST API Using Microservices
Getting the code
What are microservices?
Monolith versus microservices
Go Kit, a package for building microservices
Summary
10
Deploying Our REST services
Deploying Our REST services
Getting the code
Installing and configuring Nginx
Monitoring our Go API server with Supervisord
Summary
11
Using an API Gateway to Monitor and Metricize REST API
Using an API Gateway to Monitor and Metricize REST API
Getting the code
Why is an API gateway required?
Kong, an open-source API gateway
Adding API to Kong
API logging in Kong
API authentication in Kong
API rate limiting in Kong
Kong CLI
Other API gateways
Summary
12
Handling Authentication for Our REST Services
Handling Authentication for Our REST Services
Getting the code
How authentication works
Introducing Postman, a tool for testing REST API
Persisting client sessions with Redis
Introduction to JSON Web Tokens (JWT) and OAuth2
OAuth 2 architecture and basics
Summary

Getting comfortable with the GitHub REST API

GitHub provides a well-written REST API to consume from the users. It opens up the data about users, repositories, repository statistics, and so on, to the clients through the API. The current stable version is v3. The API documentation can be found at https://developer.github.com/v3/. The root endpoint of the API is:

curl https://api.github.com

The other API will be added to this base API. Now let us see how to make a few queries and get data related to various elements. For the unauthenticated user, the rate limit is 60/hour, whereas for clients who are passing client_id (which one can get from the GitHub account), it is 5,000/hour.

If you have a GitHub account (if not, it is recommended you create one), you can find access tokens in the Your Profile | Personal Access Tokens area or by visiting https://github.com/settings/tokens. Create a new access token using the Generate new token button. It asks for various permissions for types for the resource...

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