Book Image

Developing Middleware in Java EE 8

Book Image

Developing Middleware in Java EE 8

Overview of this book

Middleware is the infrastructure in software based applications that enables businesses to solve problems, operate more efficiently, and make money. As the use of middleware extends beyond a single application, the importance of having it written by experts increases substantially. This book will help you become an expert in developing middleware for a variety of applications. The book starts off by exploring the latest Java EE 8 APIs with newer features and managing dependencies with CDI 2.0. You will learn to implement object-to-relational mapping using JPA 2.1 and validate data using bean validation. You will also work with different types of EJB to develop business logic, and with design RESTful APIs by utilizing different HTTP methods and activating JAX-RS features in enterprise applications. You will learn to secure your middleware with Java Security 1.0 and implement various authentication techniques, such as OAuth authentication. In the concluding chapters, you will use various test technologies, such as JUnit and Mockito, to test applications, and Docker to deploy your enterprise applications. By the end of the book, you will be proficient in developing robust, effective, and distributed middleware for your business.
Table of Contents (18 chapters)
Title Page
Copyright and Credits
Dedication
Packt Upsell
Contributors
Preface
Index

Understanding HTTP


Before delving into RESTful services, a good awareness of the HTTP protocol is a key to understanding how to think and implement web services using the RESTful architectural style. If feel that you are good enough in HTTP, you can skip this section.

Basics

HTTP is a text-based request-response protocol. The basic idea of communicating between a client and a server using HTTP is as follows:

  1. A Client (called user-agent) connects to the HTTP server
  2. The user agent sends a request
  3. Terver sends a response
  4. The connection is terminated

The current version of HTTP most widely used is HTTP/1.1, but HTTP/2 has been around since 2015, it just has not gained wide implementation yet.

HTTP request

Suppose you have navigated using your web browser to the following URL: http://example.com/products.

The browser (user-agent) connects to the example.com server on port 80 (the default port for web servers), and sends its request. The request may contain many details, but we will examine an example of...