Each tag in Visualforce has its own unique set of attributes. Just like for Apex, there is a developer guide for Visualforce that lists all tags, their attributes, and the resulting HTML that they render. Visualforce Developer's Guide is available in the HTML and PDF formats at http://developer.force.com. The list of tags is too long to list here, and it gets updated three times a year with each major release. We recommend that you familiarize yourself with the entire list, but we'll cover some useful ones to get you started:
<apex:page>: This is the only tag that you must use on every Visualforce page. It allows you to specify the controller and extensions for the page. It also has attributes to control whether the standard header and sidebar are displayed or the page should take on a different Force.com look and feel.<apex:form>: This tag is required for any page that is going to have input from the user. The best practice is to just have one of the<apex...