What relates the representation of data to real-life objects is the simple combination of geometry with the properties of a feature.

A line for example, can be a road, river, fence, and so on. The only difference may be the type property that tells us what it is. Alternatively, we may have a file named roads that lets us know that it contains roads.

However, the computer doesn't know about this as it doesn't know what the other properties represent or what the file is. Because of this, we need to make transformations in the data in order to have a common format that can be analyzed.

This common format is the subject of this topic; it is how data can be represented in Python in an optimal way and in which the objects can be manipulated and analyzed to produce the expected results.

The objective is to transform the basic data representation of features, geometries, and properties into a representation of real-life objects and hide the details of the functionality under...