Python, JavaScript, and C# support object-oriented programming, also known as OOP. However, each programming language takes a different approach. Both Python and C# support classes and inheritance. Therefore, you can use the different syntax provided by each of these programming languages to declare the Shape class and its four subclasses. Then, you can create instances of each of the subclasses and call the different methods.
On the other hand, JavaScript uses an object-oriented model that doesn't use classes. This object-oriented model is known as prototype-based programming. However, don't worry. Everything you have learned so far in your simple object-oriented design journey can be coded in JavaScript. Instead of using inheritance to achieve behavior reuse, we can expand upon existing objects. Thus, we can say that objects serve as prototypes in JavaScript. Instead of focusing on classes, we work with instances and decorate them to emulate inheritance in class-based languages.
Tip
The object-oriented model known as prototype-based programing is also known by other names such as classless programming, instance-based programming, or prototype-oriented programming.
There are other important differences between Python, JavaScript, and C#. They have a great impact on the way you can code object-oriented designs. However, you will learn different ways throughout this book to make it possible to code the same object-oriented design in the three programming languages.