PHP 7 Programming Cookbook

PHP 7 Programming Cookbook

By : Doug Bierer

Buy this Book

PHP 7 Programming Cookbook

By: Doug Bierer

Buy this Book

Overview of this book

PHP 7 comes with a myriad of new features and great tools to optimize your code and make your code perform faster than in previous versions. Most importantly, it allows you to maintain high traffic on your websites with low-cost hardware and servers through a multithreading web server. This book demonstrates intermediate to advanced PHP techniques with a focus on PHP 7. Each recipe is designed to solve practical, real-world problems faced by PHP developers like yourself every day. We also cover new ways of writing PHP code made possible only in version 7. In addition, we discuss backward-compatibility breaks and give you plenty of guidance on when and where PHP 5 code needs to be changed to produce the correct results when running under PHP 7. This book also incorporates the latest PHP 7.x features. By the end of the book, you will be equipped with the tools and skills required to deliver efficient applications for your websites and enterprises.

PHP 7 Programming Cookbook

Credits

Foreword

About the Author

About the Reviewers

www.PacktPub.com

Preface

Free Chapter

Building a Foundation

Introduction

PHP 7 installation considerations

Using the built-in PHP web server

Defining a test MySQL database

Installing PHPUnit

Implementing class autoloading

Hoovering a website

Building a deep web scanner

Creating a PHP 5 to PHP 7 code converter

Using PHP 7 High Performance Features

Introduction

Understanding the abstract syntax tree

Understanding differences in parsing

Understanding differences in foreach() handling

Improving performance using PHP 7 enhancements

Iterating through a massive file

Uploading a spreadsheet into a database

Recursive directory iterator

Working with PHP Functional Programming

Introduction

Developing functions

Hinting at data types

Using return value data typing

Using iterators

Writing your own iterator using generators

Working with PHP Object-Oriented Programming

Introduction

Developing classes

Extending classes

Using static properties and methods

Implementing anonymous classes

Interacting with a Database

Introduction

Using PDO to connect to a database

Building an OOP SQL query builder

Handling pagination

Defining entities to match database tables

Tying entity classes to RDBMS queries

Embedding secondary lookups into query results

Implementing jQuery DataTables PHP lookups

Building Scalable Websites

Introduction

Creating a generic form element generator

Creating an HTML radio element generator

Creating an HTML select element generator

Implementing a form factory

Chaining $_POST filters

Chaining $_POST validators

Tying validation to a form

Accessing Web Services

Introduction

Converting between PHP and XML

Creating a simple REST client

Creating a simple REST server

Creating a simple SOAP client

Creating a simple SOAP server

Working with Date/Time and International Aspects

Introduction

Using emoticons or emoji in a view script

Converting complex characters

Getting the locale from browser data

Formatting numbers by locale

Handling currency by locale

Formatting date/time by locale

Creating an HTML international calendar generator

Building a recurring events generator

Handling translation without gettext

Developing Middleware

Introduction

Authenticating with middleware

Using middleware to implement access control

Improving performance using the cache

Implementing routing

Making inter-framework system calls

Using middleware to cross languages

Looking at Advanced Algorithms

Introduction

Using getters and setters

Implementing a linked list

Building a bubble sort

Implementing a stack

Building a binary search class

Implementing a search engine

Displaying a multi-dimensional array and accumulating totals

Implementing Software Design Patterns

Introduction

Creating an array to object hydrator

Building an object to array hydrator

Implementing a strategy pattern

Defining a mapper

Implementing object-relational mapping

Implementing the Pub/Sub design pattern

Improving Web Security

Introduction

Filtering $_POST data

Validating $_POST data

Safeguarding the PHP session

Securing forms with a token

Building a secure password generator

Safeguarding forms with a CAPTCHA

Encrypting/decrypting without mcrypt

Best Practices, Testing, and Debugging

Introduction

Using Traits and Interfaces

Universal exception handler

Universal error handler

Writing a simple test

Writing a test suite

Generating fake test data

Customizing sessions using session_start parameters

Defining PSR-7 Classes

Introduction

Implementing PSR-7 value object classes

Developing a PSR-7 Request class

Defining a PSR-7 Response class

Index

Customer Reviews

5 star

4 star

3 star

2 star

1 star

Building a deep web scanner

Sometimes you need to scan a website, but go one level deeper. For example, you want to build a web tree diagram of a website. This can be accomplished by looking for all <A> tags and following the HREF attributes to the next web page. Once you have acquired the child pages, you can then continue scanning in order to complete the tree.

How to do it...

A core component of a deep web scanner is a basic Hoover class, as described previously. The basic procedure presented in this recipe is to scan the target website and hoover up all the HREF attributes. For this purpose, we define a Application\Web\Deep class. We add a property that represents the DNS domain:
```
namespace Application\Web;
class Deep
{
    protected $domain;
```
Next, we define a method that will hoover the tags for each website represented in the scan list. In order to prevent the scanner from trawling the entire World Wide Web (WWW), we've limited the scan to the target domain. The reason why yield from has been added is because we need to yield the entire array produced by Hoover::getTags(). The yield from syntax allows us to treat the array as a sub-generator:
```
public function scan($url, $tag)
{
    $vac    = new Hoover();
    $scan   = $vac->getAttribute($url, 'href', 
       $this->getDomain($url));
    $result = array();
    foreach ($scan as $subSite) {
        yield from $vac->getTags($subSite, $tag);
    }
    return count($scan);
}
```
Note
The use of yield from turns the scan() method into a PHP 7 delegating generator. Normally, you would be inclined to store the results of the scan into an array. The problem, in this case, is that the amount of information retrieved could potentially be massive. Thus, it's better to immediately yield the results in order to conserve memory and to produce immediate results. Otherwise, there would be a lengthy wait, which would probably be followed by an out of memory error.
In order to keep within the same domain, we need a method that will return the domain from the URL. We use the convenient parse_url() function for this purpose:
```
public function getDomain($url)
{
    if (!$this->domain) {
        $this->domain = parse_url($url, PHP_URL_HOST);
    }
    return $this->domain;
}
```

How it works...

First of all, go ahead and define the Application\Web\Deep class defined previously, as well as the Application\Web\Hoover class defined in the previous recipe.

Next, define a block of code from chap_01_deep_scan_website.php that sets up autoloading (as described earlier in this chapter):

<?php
// modify as needed
define('DEFAULT_URL', unlikelysource.com');
define('DEFAULT_TAG', 'img');

require __DIR__ . '/../../Application/Autoload/Loader.php';
Application\Autoload\Loader::init(__DIR__ . '/../..');

Next, get an instance of our new class:

$deep = new Application\Web\Deep();

At this point, you can retrieve URL and tag information from URL parameters. The PHP 7 null coalesce operator is useful for establishing fallback values:

$url = strip_tags($_GET['url'] ?? DEFAULT_URL);
$tag = strip_tags($_GET['tag'] ?? DEFAULT_TAG);

Some simple HTML will display results:

foreach ($deep->scan($url, $tag) as $item) {
    $src = $item['attributes']['src'] ?? NULL;
    if ($src && (stripos($src, 'png') || stripos($src, 'jpg'))) {
        printf('<br><img src="%s"/>', $src);
    }
}

PHP 7 Programming Cookbook

By : Doug Bierer

PHP 7 Programming Cookbook

By: Doug Bierer

Overview of this book

Related Content you might be interested in

Current Title:

PHP 7 Programming Cookbook

Building a deep web scanner

How to do it...

Note

How it works...

See also