Book Image

Learning Java Lambdas

By : Toby Weston
Book Image

Learning Java Lambdas

By: Toby Weston

Overview of this book

In this short book, we take an in-depth look at lambdas in Java, and their supporting features. The book covers essential topics, such as functional interfaces and type inference, and the key differences between lambdas and closures. You will learn about the background to functional programming and lambdas, before moving on to understanding the basic syntax of lambdas and what differentiates these anonymous functions from standard anonymous classes. Lastly, you'll learn how to invoke lambdas and look at the bytecode generated. After reading this book, you'll understand lambdas in depth, their background, syntax, implementation details, and how and when to use them. You'll also have a clear knowledge of the difference between functions and classes, and why that's relevant to lambdas. This knowledge will enable you to appreciate the improvements to type inference that drive a lot of the new features in modern Java, and will increase your understanding of method references and scoping.
Table of Contents (10 chapters)

Example 1


The first example is a simple anonymous class instance passed into our waitFor method.

public class Example1 {
    // anonymous class
    void example() throws InterruptedException {
        waitFor(new Condition() {
            @Override
            public Boolean isSatisfied() {
                return true;
            }
        });
    }
}

If we look at the bytecode below, the thing to notice is that an instance of the anonymous class is newed up at line 6. The #2 refers to a lookup, the result of which is shown in the comment. So it uses the new opcode with whatever is at #2 in the constant pool, this happens to be the anonymous class Example$1.

void example() throws java.lang.InterruptedException;
    descriptor: ()V 
    flags:
    Code:
      stack=3, locals=1, args_size=1
         0: new #2 // class Example1$1
         3: dup
         4: aload_0
         5: invokespecial #3 // Method...