Rust has an amazing type system. It's so powerful that it is Turing-complete by itself. This means that you can write very complex programs just by using Rust's type system. This can help your code a lot, since the type system gets evaluated at compile time, making your runtime much faster.
Starting from the basics, what do we mean by the type system? Well, it means all those traits, structures, generics, and enums you can use to make your code very specialized at runtime. An interesting thing to know is the following: if you create a generic function that gets used with two different types, Rust will compile two specific functions, one for each type.
This might seem like code duplication but, in reality, it is usually faster to have a specific function for the given type than to try to generalize a function over multiple ones. This also allows for the creation of specialized methods that will take into account the data they are using. Let's see this with an example. Suppose...