Book Image

Natural Language Processing with TensorFlow

By : Motaz Saad, Thushan Ganegedara
Book Image

Natural Language Processing with TensorFlow

By: Motaz Saad, Thushan Ganegedara

Overview of this book

Natural language processing (NLP) supplies the majority of data available to deep learning applications, while TensorFlow is the most important deep learning framework currently available. Natural Language Processing with TensorFlow brings TensorFlow and NLP together to give you invaluable tools to work with the immense volume of unstructured data in today’s data streams, and apply these tools to specific NLP tasks. Thushan Ganegedara starts by giving you a grounding in NLP and TensorFlow basics. You'll then learn how to use Word2vec, including advanced extensions, to create word embeddings that turn sequences of words into vectors accessible to deep learning algorithms. Chapters on classical deep learning algorithms, like convolutional neural networks (CNN) and recurrent neural networks (RNN), demonstrate important NLP tasks as sentence classification and language generation. You will learn how to apply high-performance RNN models, like long short-term memory (LSTM) cells, to NLP tasks. You will also explore neural machine translation and implement a neural machine translator. After reading this book, you will gain an understanding of NLP and you'll have the skills to apply TensorFlow in deep learning NLP applications, and how to perform specific NLP tasks.
Table of Contents (16 chapters)
Natural Language Processing with TensorFlow
Contributors
Preface
Index

Training the NMT


Now that we have defined the NMT architecture and preprocessed training data, it is quite straightforward to train the model. Here we will define and illustrate (see Figure 10.10) the exact process used for training:

  1. Preprocess

    as explained previously

  2. Feed xs into the and calculate v conditioned on xs
  3. Initialize with v
  4. Predict corresponding to the input sentence xs from , where the mth prediction, out of the target vocabulary V is calculated as follows:

    Here, wTm denotes the best target word for mth position.

  5. Calculate the loss: categorical cross-entropy between the predicted word, , and the actual word at the position,
  6. Optimize both the , , and softmax layer with respect to the loss

    Figure 10.10: The training procedure for the NMT