Book Image

Natural Language Processing with TensorFlow

By : Motaz Saad, Thushan Ganegedara
Book Image

Natural Language Processing with TensorFlow

By: Motaz Saad, Thushan Ganegedara

Overview of this book

Natural language processing (NLP) supplies the majority of data available to deep learning applications, while TensorFlow is the most important deep learning framework currently available. Natural Language Processing with TensorFlow brings TensorFlow and NLP together to give you invaluable tools to work with the immense volume of unstructured data in today’s data streams, and apply these tools to specific NLP tasks. Thushan Ganegedara starts by giving you a grounding in NLP and TensorFlow basics. You'll then learn how to use Word2vec, including advanced extensions, to create word embeddings that turn sequences of words into vectors accessible to deep learning algorithms. Chapters on classical deep learning algorithms, like convolutional neural networks (CNN) and recurrent neural networks (RNN), demonstrate important NLP tasks as sentence classification and language generation. You will learn how to apply high-performance RNN models, like long short-term memory (LSTM) cells, to NLP tasks. You will also explore neural machine translation and implement a neural machine translator. After reading this book, you will gain an understanding of NLP and you'll have the skills to apply TensorFlow in deep learning NLP applications, and how to perform specific NLP tasks.
Table of Contents (16 chapters)
Natural Language Processing with TensorFlow
Contributors
Preface
Index

The skip-gram algorithm


The first algorithm we will talk about is known as the skip-gram algorithm. The skip-gram algorithm, introduced by Mikolov and others in 2013, is an algorithm that exploits the context of the words of written text to learn good word embeddings. Let's go through step by step to understand the skip-gram algorithm.

First, we will discuss the data preparation process, followed by an introduction to the notation required to understand the algorithm. Finally, we will discuss the algorithm itself.

As we discussed in numerous places, the meaning of the word can be elicited from the contextual words surrounding that particular word. However, it is not entirely straightforward to develop a model that exploits this property to learning word meanings.

From raw text to structured data

First, we need to design a mechanism to extract a dataset that can be fed to our learning model. Such a dataset should be a set of tuples of the format (input, output). Moreover, this needs to be created...