String is a data type that stores a collection of characters. This collection can form a word or some information that can be understood by humans, it can also form a sentence from several words. In this section, we are going to discuss how to construct and use the string data type in C++.
In C++, a string can be composed by using an array of characters. When we compose a string using an array, we have to reserve a space to store a NULL character (\0) at the last array's element to indicate the end of the string. Suppose we want to create a string variable containing a name of a person called James; we need an array with at least six elements, since James is composed of five characters. Please take a look at the following diagram:
As we can see in the preceding diagram, we need an array with at least six elements to store a string containing five letters. There are several ways to create a string using character arrays. These are some...