In an enterprise application, user isolation or role-based multitenancy ensures that data is accessed by the authorized users only. In a Software as a Service (SaaS) model application, tenant isolation is one of the prime demands. Application users are authorized to access only their world of data and not peek into other user's data.
Fine-grained access control (FGAC) enables the enforcement of security policies on the access of rows and columns based on the user's role and authorization. For example, an HR representative is authorized to view the details of employees that belong only to his vertical. Similarly, a relationship officer in a bank is authorized to access the account details of those customers that belong to his branch. The FGAC feature provides you with the mechanism to expose the authorized piece of data only to the approved user.