The concept of learning is fundamental to Artificial Intelligence. We want the machines to understand the process of learning so that they can do it on their own. Humans learn by observing and interacting with their surroundings. When you go to a new place, you quickly scan and see what's happening around you. Nobody is teaching you what to do here. You are observing and interacting with the environment around you. By building this connection with the environment, we tend to gather a lot of information about what's causing different things. We learn about cause and effect, what actions lead to what results, and what we need to do in order to achieve something.

We use this premise everywhere in our lives. We gather all this knowledge about our surroundings and, in turn, learn how we respond to that. Let's consider another example of an orator. Whenever good orators are giving speeches in public, they are aware of how the crowd is reacting to what they are saying....