Book Image

Natural Language Processing with Java - Second Edition

By : Richard M. Reese
Book Image

Natural Language Processing with Java - Second Edition

By: Richard M. Reese

Overview of this book

Natural Language Processing (NLP) allows you to take any sentence and identify patterns, special names, company names, and more. The second edition of Natural Language Processing with Java teaches you how to perform language analysis with the help of Java libraries, while constantly gaining insights from the outcomes. You’ll start by understanding how NLP and its various concepts work. Having got to grips with the basics, you’ll explore important tools and libraries in Java for NLP, such as CoreNLP, OpenNLP, Neuroph, and Mallet. You’ll then start performing NLP on different inputs and tasks, such as tokenization, model training, parts-of-speech and parsing trees. You’ll learn about statistical machine translation, summarization, dialog systems, complex searches, supervised and unsupervised NLP, and more. By the end of this book, you’ll have learned more about NLP, neural networks, and various other trained models in Java for enhancing the performance of NLP applications.
Table of Contents (19 chapters)
Title Page
Dedication
Packt Upsell
Contributors
Preface
Index

Understanding parse trees


Parse trees represent hierarchical relationships between elements of text. For example, a dependency tree shows the relationship between the grammatical elements of a sentence. Let's reconsider the following sentence:

The cow jumped over the moon. 

A parse tree for the preceding sentence is shown here. It was generated using the techniques that will be found in the Using the LexicalizedParser class section later in this chapter:

    (ROOT
      (S
        (NP (DT The) (NN cow))
        (VP (VBD jumped)
          (PP (IN over)
            (NP (DT the) (NN moon))))
        (. .)))
  

This sentence can be graphically depicted, as shown in the following diagram. It was generated using the application found at http://nlpviz.bpodgursky.com/. Another editor that allows you to examine text in a graphical manner is GrammarScope (http://grammarscope.sourceforge.net/). This is a Stanford supported tool that uses a Swing-based GUI to generate a parse tree, a grammatical structure...