Python's native cProfile module and the corresponding %prun magic break down the execution time of code function by function. Sometimes, we may need an even more fine-grained analysis of code performance with a line-by-line report. Such reports can be easier to read than the reports of cProfile.
To profile code line-by-line, we need an external Python module named line_profiler created by Robert Kern, available at http://pythonhosted.org/line_profiler/. In this recipe, we will demonstrate how to use this module within IPython.
To install line_profiler, type pip install line_profiler in a terminal, or type !pip install line_profiler in IPython (you need a C compiler).
On Windows, you can use Chris Gohlke's unofficial package available at www.lfd.uci.edu/~gohlke/pythonlibs/#line_profiler.