When we discussed the Gaussian mixture algorithm, we defined it as Soft K-means. The reason is that each cluster was represented by three elements: mean, variance, and weight. Each sample always belongs to all clusters with a probability provided by the Gaussian distributions. This approach can be very useful when it's possible to manage the probabilities as weights, but in many other situations, it's preferable to determine a single cluster per sample. Such an approach is called hard clustering and K-means can be considered the hard version of a Gaussian mixture. In fact, when all variances Σi → 0, the distributions degenerate to Dirac's Deltas, which represent perfect spikes centered at a specific point. In this scenario, the only possibility to determine the most appropriate cluster is to find the shortest distance between a sample point and all the centers (from now on, we are going to call them centroids). This approach is also based on an important double principle that should...
Python: Advanced Guide to Artificial Intelligence
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Python: Advanced Guide to Artificial Intelligence
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Overview of this book
This Learning Path is your complete guide to quickly getting to grips with popular machine learning algorithms. You'll be introduced to the most widely used algorithms in supervised, unsupervised, and semi-supervised machine learning, and learn how to use them in the best possible manner. Ranging from Bayesian models to the MCMC algorithm to Hidden Markov models, this Learning Path will teach you how to extract features from your dataset and perform dimensionality reduction by making use of Python-based libraries.
You'll bring the use of TensorFlow and Keras to build deep learning models, using concepts such as transfer learning, generative adversarial networks, and deep reinforcement learning. Next, you'll learn the advanced features of TensorFlow1.x, such as distributed TensorFlow with TF clusters, deploy production models with TensorFlow Serving. You'll implement different techniques related to object classification, object detection, image segmentation, and more.
By the end of this Learning Path, you'll have obtained in-depth knowledge of TensorFlow, making you the go-to person for solving artificial intelligence problems
This Learning Path includes content from the following Packt products:
• Mastering Machine Learning Algorithms by Giuseppe Bonaccorso
• Mastering TensorFlow 1.x by Armando Fandango
• Deep Learning for Computer Vision by Rajalingappaa Shanmugamani
Table of Contents (31 chapters)
Title Page
About Packt
Contributors
Preface
Free Chapter
Machine Learning Model Fundamentals
Introduction to Semi-Supervised Learning
Graph-Based Semi-Supervised Learning
Bayesian Networks and Hidden Markov Models
EM Algorithm and Applications
Hebbian Learning and Self-Organizing Maps
Clustering Algorithms
Advanced Neural Models
Classical Machine Learning with TensorFlow
Neural Networks and MLP with TensorFlow and Keras
RNN with TensorFlow and Keras
CNN with TensorFlow and Keras
Autoencoder with TensorFlow and Keras
TensorFlow Models in Production with TF Serving
Deep Reinforcement Learning
Generative Adversarial Networks
Distributed Models with TensorFlow Clusters
Debugging TensorFlow Models
Tensor Processing Units
Getting Started
Image Classification
Image Retrieval
Object Detection
Semantic Segmentation
Similarity Learning
Other Books You May Enjoy
Index
Customer Reviews