Oracle Database 11gR2 Performance Tuning Cookbook

Book Image

Oracle Database 11gR2 Performance Tuning Cookbook

By : Ciro Fiorillo

Book Image

Oracle Database 11gR2 Performance Tuning Cookbook

By: Ciro Fiorillo

Overview of this book

Oracle's Database offers great performance, scalability, and many features for DBAs and developers. Due to a wide choice of technologies, successful applications are good candidates to run into performance issues and when a problem arises it's very difficult to identify the cause and the right solution to the problem. The Oracle Database 11g R2 Performance Tuning Cookbook helps DBAs and developers to understand every aspect of Oracle Database that can affect performance. You will be guided through implementing the correct solution in a proactive way before problems arise, and how to diagnose issues on your Oracle database-based solutions. This fast-paced book offers solutions starting from application design and development, through the implementation of well-performing applications, to the details of deployment and delivering best-performance databases. With this book you will quickly learn to apply the right methodology to tune the performance of an Oracle Database, and to optimize application design and SQL and PL/SQL code. By following the real-world examples you will see how to store your data in correct structures and access and manipulate them at a lightning speed. You will learn to speed up sort operations, hack the optimizer and the data loading process, and diagnose and tune memory, I/O, and contention issues. The purpose of this cookbook is to provide concise recipes, which will help you to build and maintain a very high-speed Oracle Database environment.

Oracle Database 11gR2 Performance Tuning Cookbook

Oracle Database 11gR2 Performance Tuning Cookbook

Credits

About the Author

About the Author

Acknowledgement

Acknowledgement

About the Reviewers

About the Reviewers

www.PacktPub.com

www.PacktPub.com

Preface

Free Chapter

Starting with Performance Tuning

Starting with Performance Tuning

Reviewing the performance tuning process

Exploring the example database

Acquiring data using a data dictionary and dynamic performance views

Analyzing data using Statspack reports

Diagnosing performance issues using the alert log

Analyzing data using Automatic Workload Repository (AWR)

Analyzing data using Automatic Database Diagnostic Monitor (ADDM)

A working example

Optimizing Application Design

Optimizing Application Design

Optimizing connection management

Improving performance sharing reusable code

Reducing the number of requests to the database using stored procedures

Reducing the number of requests to the database using sequences

Reducing the number of requests to the database using materialized views

Optimizing performance with schema denormalization

Avoiding dynamic SQL

Optimizing Storage Structures

Optimizing Storage Structures

Avoiding row chaining

Avoiding row migration

Using index clusters

Using hash clusters

Indexing the correct way

Rebuilding index

Compressing indexes

Using reverse key indexes

Using bitmap indexes

Migrating to index organized tables

Using partitioning

Optimizing SQL Code

Optimizing SQL Code

Using bind variables

Avoiding full table scans

Exploring index lookup

Exploring index skip-scan and index range-scan

Introducing arrays and bulk operations

Optimizing joins

Using subqueries

Tracing SQL activity with SQL Trace and TKPROF

Optimizing Sort Operations

Optimizing Sort Operations

Sorting—in-memory and on-disk

Sorting and indexing

Writing top n queries and ranking

Using count, min/max, and group-by

Avoiding sorting in set operations: union, minus, and intersect

Troubleshooting temporary tablespaces

Optimizing PL/SQL Code

Optimizing PL/SQL Code

Using bind variables and parsing

Array processing and bulk-collect

Passing values with NOCOPY (or not)

Using short-circuit IF statements

Avoiding recursion

Using native compilation

Taking advantage of function result cache

Inlining PL/SQL code

Using triggers and virtual columns

Improving the Oracle Optimizer

Improving the Oracle Optimizer

Exploring optimizer hints

Collecting statistics

Using histograms

Managing stored outlines

Introducing Adaptive Cursor Sharing for bind variable peeking

Creating SQL Tuning Sets

Using the SQL Tuning Advisor

Configuring and using SQL Baselines

Other Optimizations

Other Optimizations

Caching results with the client-side result cache

Enabling parallel SQL

Direct path inserting

Using create table as select

Inspecting indexes and triggers overhead

Loading data with SQL*Loader and Data Pump

Tuning Memory

Tuning memory to avoid Operating System paging

Tuning the Library Cache

Tuning the Shared Pool

Tuning the Program Global Area and the User Global Area

Tuning the Buffer Cache

Tuning I/O

Tuning at the disk level and strategies to distribute Oracle files

Striping objects across multiple disks

Choosing different RAID levels for different Oracle files

Using asynchronous I/O

Tuning checkpoints

Tuning redo logs

Tuning Contention

Tuning Contention

Detecting and preventing lock contention

Investigating transactions and concurrency

Tuning resources to minimize latch contention

Minimizing latches using bind variables

Dynamic Performance Views

Dynamic Performance Views

DBA_SQL_PLAN_BASELINES

DBA_TABLESPACES

DBA_TAB_HISTOGRAMS

V$ADVISOR_PROGRESS

V$BUFFER_POOL_STATISTICS

V$DB_CACHE_ADVICE

V$DB_OBJECT_CACHE

V$INSTANCE_RECOVERY

V$LATCH_CHILDREN

V$LOCKED_OBJECT

V$SESSION_EVENT

V$SHARED_POOL_RESERVED

A Summary of Oracle Packages Used for Performance Tuning

A Summary of Oracle Packages Used for Performance Tuning

DBMS_OUTLN_EDIT

DBMS_SHARED_POOL

DBMS_WORKLOAD_REPOSITORY

Index

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Using the SQL Tuning Advisor

In this recipe, we will see how to use the SQL Tuning Advisor to tune our queries.

Getting ready

To use the SQL Tuning Advisor, we need a special privilege; connect as SYSDBA and grant ADVISOR privilege to user SH:

CONNECT / AS SYSDBA
GRANT ADVISOR TO SH;

How to do it...

The following steps will demonstrate the SQL Tuning Advisor:

Connect to the SH schema:
```
CONNECT sh@TESTDB/sh
```

Define an SQL Tuning Task for a single query:

DECLARE
 l_task VARCHAR2(30);
 l_sql CLOB;
BEGIN
 l_sql := 'SELECT AMOUNT_SOLD FROM sh.SALES S ' ||
  'WHERE S.CUST_ID IN ( '||
  'SELECT C.CUST_ID FROM sh.CUSTOMERS C ' ||
  'WHERE C.CUST_CREDIT_LIMIT IN (:l1, :l2, :l3))';

 l_task := DBMS_SQLTUNE.CREATE_TUNING_TASK(
  sql_text => l_sql,
  bind_list => sql_binds(anydata.ConvertNumber(10000),
    anydata.ConvertNumber(11000),
    anydata.ConvertNumber(15000)),
  user_name => 'SH',
  scope => 'COMPREHENSIVE',
  time_limit => 120,
  task_name => 'test_tuning_task',
  description...