Book Image

Learn Docker - Fundamentals of Docker 19.x - Second Edition

By : Dr. Gabriel N. Schenker
Book Image

Learn Docker - Fundamentals of Docker 19.x - Second Edition

By: Dr. Gabriel N. Schenker

Overview of this book

Containers enable you to package an application with all the components it needs, such as libraries and other dependencies, and ship it as one package. Docker containers have revolutionized the software supply chain in both small and large enterprises. Starting with an introduction to Docker fundamentals and setting up an environment to work with it, you’ll delve into concepts such as Docker containers, Docker images, and Docker Compose. As you progress, the book will help you explore deployment, orchestration, networking, and security. Finally, you’ll get to grips with Docker functionalities on public clouds such as Amazon Web Services (AWS), Azure, and Google Cloud Platform (GCP), and learn about Docker Enterprise Edition features. Additionally, you’ll also discover the benefits of increased security with the use of containers. By the end of this Docker book, you’ll be able to build, ship, and run a containerized, highly distributed application on Docker Swarm or Kubernetes, running on-premises or in the cloud.

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Table of Contents (25 chapters)
Preface
Preface
Who this book is for
What this book covers
To get the most out of this book
Get in touch
1
Section 1: Motivation and Getting Started
Section 1: Motivation and Getting Started
Free Chapter
2
What Are Containers and Why Should I Use Them?
What Are Containers and Why Should I Use Them?
What are containers?
Why are containers important?
What's the benefit for me or for my company?
The Moby project
Docker products
Container architecture
Summary
Questions
Further reading
3
Setting Up a Working Environment
Setting Up a Working Environment
Technical requirements
The Linux command shell
PowerShell for Windows
Using a package manager
Installing Git
Choosing a code editor
Installing Docker for Desktop
Installing Docker Toolbox
Installing Minikube
Summary
Questions
Further reading
4
Section 2: Containerization, from Beginner to Black Belt
Section 2: Containerization, from Beginner to Black Belt
5
Mastering Containers
Mastering Containers
Technical requirements
Running the first container
Starting, stopping, and removing containers
Inspecting containers
Exec into a running container
Attaching to a running container
Retrieving container logs
Anatomy of containers
Summary
Questions
Further reading
6
Creating and Managing Container Images
Creating and Managing Container Images
What are images?
Creating images
Lift and shift: Containerizing a legacy app
Sharing or shipping images
Summary
Questions
Further reading
7
Data Volumes and Configuration
Data Volumes and Configuration
Technical requirements
Creating and mounting data volumes
Sharing data between containers
Using host volumes
Defining volumes in images
Configuring containers
Summary
Questions
Further reading
8
Debugging Code Running in Containers
Debugging Code Running in Containers
Technical requirements
Evolving and testing code running in a container
Auto restarting code upon changes
Line-by-line code debugging inside a container
Instrumenting your code to produce meaningful logging information
Using Jaeger to monitor and troubleshoot
Summary
Questions
Further reading
9
Using Docker to Supercharge Automation
Using Docker to Supercharge Automation
Technical requirements
Executing simple admin tasks in a container
Using test containers
Using Docker to power a CI/CD pipeline
Summary
Questions
Further reading
10
Advanced Docker Usage Scenarios
Advanced Docker Usage Scenarios
Technical requirements
All of the tips and tricks of a Docker pro
Running your Terminal in a remote container and accessing it via HTTPS
Running your development environment inside a container
Running your code editor in a remote container and accessing it via HTTPS
Summary
Questions
Further reading
11
Section 3: Orchestration Fundamentals and Docker Swarm
Section 3: Orchestration Fundamentals and Docker Swarm
12
Distributed Application Architecture
Distributed Application Architecture
Understanding the distributed application architecture
Patterns and best practices
Running in production
Summary
Questions
Further reading
13
Single-Host Networking
Single-Host Networking
Technical requirements
Dissecting the container network model
Network firewalling
Working with the bridge network
The host and null network
Running in an existing network namespace
Managing container ports
HTTP-level routing using a reverse proxy
Summary
Questions
Further reading
14
Docker Compose
Docker Compose
Technical requirements
Demystifying declarative versus imperative
Running a multi-service app
Scaling a service
Building and pushing an application
Using Docker Compose overrides
Summary
Questions
Further reading
15
Orchestrators
Orchestrators
What are orchestrators and why do we need them?
The tasks of an orchestrator
Overview of popular orchestrators
Summary
Questions
Further reading
16
Introduction to Docker Swarm
Introduction to Docker Swarm
The Docker Swarm architecture
Swarm nodes
Stacks, services, and tasks
Multi-host networking
Creating a Docker Swarm
Deploying a first application
The swarm routing mesh
Summary
Questions
Further reading
17
Zero-Downtime Deployments and Secrets
Zero-Downtime Deployments and Secrets
Technical requirements
Zero-downtime deployment
Storing configuration data in the swarm
Protecting sensitive data with Docker secrets
Summary
Questions
Further reading
18
Section 4: Docker, Kubernetes, and the Cloud
Section 4: Docker, Kubernetes, and the Cloud
19
Introduction to Kubernetes
Introduction to Kubernetes
Technical requirements
Kubernetes architecture
Kubernetes master nodes
Cluster nodes
Introduction to Minikube
Kubernetes support in Docker for Desktop
Introduction to pods
Kubernetes ReplicaSet
Kubernetes deployment
Kubernetes service
Context-based routing
Comparing SwarmKit with Kubernetes
Summary
Questions
Further reading
20
Deploying, Updating, and Securing an Application with Kubernetes
Deploying, Updating, and Securing an Application with Kubernetes
Technical requirements
Deploying a first application
Defining liveness and readiness
Zero downtime deployments
Kubernetes secrets
Summary
Questions
Further reading
21
Monitoring and Troubleshooting an App Running in Production
Monitoring and Troubleshooting an App Running in Production
Technical requirements
Monitoring an individual service
Using Prometheus to monitor a distributed application
Troubleshooting a service running in production
Summary
Questions
Further reading
22
Running a Containerized App in the Cloud
Running a Containerized App in the Cloud
Technical requirements
Deploying and using Docker EE on AWS
Exploring Microsoft's Azure Kubernetes Service (AKS)
Understanding GKE
Summary
Questions
Further reading
23
Assessments
Assessments
Chapter 1
Chapter 2
Chapter 3
Chapter 4
Chapter 5
Chapter 6
Chapter 7 
Chapter 8
Chapter 9
Chapter 10
Chapter 11
Chapter 12
Chapter 13
Chapter 14
Chapter 15
Chapter 16
Chapter 17
Chapter 18
24
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Chapter 14

Here are some sample answers to the questions presented in this chapter:

  1. Zero-downtime deployment means that a new version of a service in a distributed application is updated to a new version without the application needing to stop working. Usually, with Docker SwarmKit or Kubernetes (as we will see), this is done in a rolling fashion. A service consists of multiple instances and those are updated in batches so that the majority of the instances are up and running at all times.
  2. By default, Docker SwarmKit uses a rolling updated strategy to achieve zero-downtime deployments.
  3. Containers are self-contained units of deployment. If a new version of a service is deployed and does not work as expected, we (or the system) need to only roll back to the previous version. The previous version of the service is also deployed in the form of self-contained containers. Conceptually...
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