With the release of System Center 2012 Service Pack 1, the self-service portal was removed from Virtual Machine Manager and introduced as a separate component of the System Center suite. Up to this point, the private cloud and public cloud were two distinct technologies. To manage a public cloud such as Microsoft Azure, we had to log on to the Microsoft Azure Management portal; and to manage our private cloud, we had to log in to the System Center Virtual Machine Manager. System Center App Controller gave us a single pane where we can manage Windows Azure resources in the cloud, on-premises private cloud management capability, and ability to allow access to resources modelled around business function as a user role, hence simplifying security management and administration of a multi-tenant environment.