if, else, and elseif
An if statement is used to execute an action when a condition is met. The following shows the syntax for an if statement; the statements enclosed by the if statement executes if the condition evaluates to true:
if (<condition>) {
<statements>
}
The else statement is optional and runs if all previous conditions evaluate to false:
if (<first-condition>) {
<first-statements>
} else {
<second-statements>
}
The elseif statement allows several conditions to be tested in order:
if (<first-condition>) {
<first-statements>
} elseif (<second-condition>) {
<second-statements>
} elseif (<last-condition>) {
<last-statements>
}
The else statement may be added after any number of elseif statements.
Execution of a block of conditions stops as soon as a single condition evaluates to true. For example, both the first and second condition would evaluate...