Hive first started with HiveServer1. However, this version of the Hive server was not very stable. It sometimes suspended or blocked clients' connection quietly. Since version 11, Hive includes a new Hive server called HiveSever2 as an addition to HiveServer1. HiveServer2 is an enhanced Hive server designed for multiclient concurrency and improved authentication. HiveServer2 also supports Beeline as the alternative command-line interface. HiveServer1 is deprecated and removed from Hive since version 1.0.0.

The primary difference between the two Hive servers is how the clients connect to Hive. Hive CLI is an Apache Thrift-based client, and Beeline is a JDBC client based on SQLLine (http://sqlline.sourceforge.net/) CLI. The Hive CLI directly connects to the Hive drivers and requires installing Hive on the same machine as the client. However, Beeline connects to HiveServer2 through JDBC connections and does not require the installation of Hive libraries...