Data is modeled in documents in Elasticsearch. This means a single item irrespective of whether it is an entity like a company, country, or product has to be modeled as a single document. A document can contain any number of fields and values associated with it. This information is modeled around the JSON format that helps us to express the behavior of our data using arrays, objects, or simple values.
Note
Elasticsearch is schemaless, which means that you can index a document to Elasticsearch before you create its index or mapping. Elasticsearch guesses the best type for each field value.
Inherently, JSON supports formats such as string, numbers, object, array, and even Boolean. Elasticsearch adds various other formats on top of it, such as the date, IP and so on. You will find the list of such supported types in the following table. The use of date types to store date values will help us do effective date-specific operations, such as date range and aggregation...