Once you have built a decent training samples dataset, which is ready to process, the time has arrived to fire up the cascade classifier training software of OpenCV 3, which uses the Viola and Jones cascade classifier framework to train your object detection model. The training itself is based on applying the boosting algorithm on either Haar wavelet features or Local Binary Pattern features. Several types of boosting are supported by the OpenCV interface, but for convenience, we use the frequently used AdaBoost interface.
Note
If you are interested in knowing all the technical details of the feature calculation, then have a look at the following papers which describe them in detail:
HAAR: Papageorgiou, Oren and Poggio, "A general framework for object detection", International Conference on Computer Vision, 1998.
LBP: T. Ojala, M. Pietikäinen, and D. Harwood (1994), "Performance evaluation of texture measures with classification based on Kullback...