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Python Machine Learning, Second Edition - Second Edition
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Although we can't cover the vast amount of different clustering algorithms in this chapter, let's at least introduce one more approach to clustering: Density-based Spatial Clustering of Applications with Noise (DBSCAN), which does not make assumptions about spherical clusters like k-means, nor does it partition the dataset into hierarchies that require a manual cut-off point. As its name implies, density-based clustering assigns cluster labels based on dense regions of points. In DBSCAN, the notion of density is defined as the number of points within a specified radius
.
According to the DBSCAN algorithm, a special label is assigned to each sample (point) using the following criteria:

, but lies within the
radius of a core point