The amount of data is increasing at an exponential rate. Today's systems are generating and recording information on customer behavior, distributed systems, network analysis, sensors, and many, many more sources. While the current big trend of mobile data is pushing the current growth, the next big thing—the Internet of Things (IoT)—is going to further increase the rate of growth.

What this means for data mining is a new way of thinking. Complex algorithms with high runtimes need to be improved or discarded, while simpler algorithms that can deal with more samples are becoming more popular to use. As an example, while support vector machines are great classifiers, some variants are difficult to use on very large datasets. In contrast, simpler algorithms such as logistic regression can manage more easily in these scenarios.

This complexity versus distribution issue is just one of the reasons why deep neural networks (DNNs) have become so popular. You can create...