Book Image

Data Analysis with R, Second Edition - Second Edition

Book Image

Data Analysis with R, Second Edition - Second Edition

Overview of this book

Frequently the tool of choice for academics, R has spread deep into the private sector and can be found in the production pipelines at some of the most advanced and successful enterprises. The power and domain-specificity of R allows the user to express complex analytics easily, quickly, and succinctly. Starting with the basics of R and statistical reasoning, this book dives into advanced predictive analytics, showing how to apply those techniques to real-world data though with real-world examples. Packed with engaging problems and exercises, this book begins with a review of R and its syntax with packages like Rcpp, ggplot2, and dplyr. From there, get to grips with the fundamentals of applied statistics and build on this knowledge to perform sophisticated and powerful analytics. Solve the difficulties relating to performing data analysis in practice and find solutions to working with messy data, large data, communicating results, and facilitating reproducibility. This book is engineered to be an invaluable resource through many stages of anyone’s career as a data analyst.
Table of Contents (24 chapters)
Title Page
Copyright and Credits
Packt Upsell
Contributors
Preface
Index

The null hypothesis significance testing framework


For better or worse, Null Hypothesis Significance Testing (NHST) is the most popular hypothesis testing framework in modern use. So, even though there are competing approaches that at least in some cases are better, you need to know this stuff up and down!

Okay,Null Hypothesis Significance Testing these are a bunch of big words. What do they mean?

NHST is a lot like being a prosecutor in the United States' or Great Britain's justice system. In these two countries, and a few others, the person being charged is presumed innocent, and the burden of proving the defendant's guilt is placed on the prosecutor. The prosecutor then has to argue that the evidence is inconsistent with the defendant being innocent. Only after it is shown that the extant evidence is unlikely if the person is innocent, does the court rule a guilty verdict. If the extant evidence is weak, or is likely to be observed even if the dependent is innocent, then the court rules...