Book Image

Advanced Natural Language Processing with TensorFlow 2

By : Ashish Bansal, Tony Mullen
Book Image

Advanced Natural Language Processing with TensorFlow 2

By: Ashish Bansal, Tony Mullen

Overview of this book

Recently, there have been tremendous advances in NLP, and we are now moving from research labs into practical applications. This book comes with a perfect blend of both the theoretical and practical aspects of trending and complex NLP techniques. The book is focused on innovative applications in the field of NLP, language generation, and dialogue systems. It helps you apply the concepts of pre-processing text using techniques such as tokenization, parts of speech tagging, and lemmatization using popular libraries such as Stanford NLP and SpaCy. You will build Named Entity Recognition (NER) from scratch using Conditional Random Fields and Viterbi Decoding on top of RNNs. The book covers key emerging areas such as generating text for use in sentence completion and text summarization, bridging images and text by generating captions for images, and managing dialogue aspects of chatbots. You will learn how to apply transfer learning and fine-tuning using TensorFlow 2. Further, it covers practical techniques that can simplify the labelling of textual data. The book also has a working code that is adaptable to your use cases for each tech piece. By the end of the book, you will have an advanced knowledge of the tools, techniques and deep learning architecture used to solve complex NLP problems.
Table of Contents (13 chapters)
11
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12
Index

Summary

Summarizing text is considered a uniquely human trait. Deep learning NLP models have made great strides in this area in the past 2-3 years. Summarization remains a very hot area of research within many applications. In this chapter, we built a seq2seq model from scratch that can summarize sentences from news articles and generate a headline. This model obtains fairly good results due to its simplicity. We were able to train the model for a long period of time due to learning rate annealing. By checkpointing the model, training was made resilient as it could be restarted from the last checkpoint in case of failure. Post-training, we improved our generated summaries through a custom implementation of beam search. As beam search has a tendency to provide short summaries, length normalization techniques were used to make the summaries even better.

Measuring the quality of generated summaries is a challenge in abstractive summarization. Here is a random example from the...