Book Image

Interpretable Machine Learning with Python

By : Serg Masís
Book Image

Interpretable Machine Learning with Python

By: Serg Masís

Overview of this book

Do you want to gain a deeper understanding of your models and better mitigate poor prediction risks associated with machine learning interpretation? If so, then Interpretable Machine Learning with Python deserves a place on your bookshelf. We’ll be starting off with the fundamentals of interpretability, its relevance in business, and exploring its key aspects and challenges. As you progress through the chapters, you'll then focus on how white-box models work, compare them to black-box and glass-box models, and examine their trade-off. You’ll also get you up to speed with a vast array of interpretation methods, also known as Explainable AI (XAI) methods, and how to apply them to different use cases, be it for classification or regression, for tabular, time-series, image or text. In addition to the step-by-step code, this book will also help you interpret model outcomes using examples. You’ll get hands-on with tuning models and training data for interpretability by reducing complexity, mitigating bias, placing guardrails, and enhancing reliability. The methods you’ll explore here range from state-of-the-art feature selection and dataset debiasing methods to monotonic constraints and adversarial retraining. By the end of this book, you'll be able to understand ML models better and enhance them through interpretability tuning.
Table of Contents (19 chapters)
1
Section 1: Introduction to Machine Learning Interpretation
5
Section 2: Mastering Interpretation Methods
12
Section 3:Tuning for Interpretability

Chapter 8: Visualizing Convolutional Neural Networks

Up to this point, we have only dealt with tabular data and, briefly, text data in Chapter 6, Local Model-Agnostic Interpretation Methods. This chapter will exclusively explore interpretation methods that work with images and, in particular, with the Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) models that train image classifiers. Typically, deep learning models are regarded as the epitome of black box models. However, one of the benefits of a CNN is how easily it lends itself to visualization, so we can not only visualize outcomes, but every step of the learning process with activations. The possibility of interpreting these steps is rare among so-called black box models. Once we have grasped how the CNN is learning, we will study how to use state-of-the-art gradient-based attribution methods such as Saliency Maps and Grad-CAM to debug class attribution. Lastly, we will extend our attribution debugging know-how with perturbation-based attribution...