Book Image

The TensorFlow Workshop

By : Matthew Moocarme, Abhranshu Bagchi, Anthony So, Anthony Maddalone
Book Image

The TensorFlow Workshop

By: Matthew Moocarme, Abhranshu Bagchi, Anthony So, Anthony Maddalone

Overview of this book

Getting to grips with tensors, deep learning, and neural networks can be intimidating and confusing for anyone, no matter their experience level. The breadth of information out there, often written at a very high level and aimed at advanced practitioners, can make getting started even more challenging. If this sounds familiar to you, The TensorFlow Workshop is here to help. Combining clear explanations, realistic examples, and plenty of hands-on practice, it’ll quickly get you up and running. You’ll start off with the basics – learning how to load data into TensorFlow, perform tensor operations, and utilize common optimizers and activation functions. As you progress, you’ll experiment with different TensorFlow development tools, including TensorBoard, TensorFlow Hub, and Google Colab, before moving on to solve regression and classification problems with sequential models. Building on this solid foundation, you’ll learn how to tune models and work with different types of neural network, getting hands-on with real-world deep learning applications such as text encoding, temperature forecasting, image augmentation, and audio processing. By the end of this deep learning book, you’ll have the skills, knowledge, and confidence to tackle your own ambitious deep learning projects with TensorFlow.

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Table of Contents (13 chapters)
Preface
About the Book
1
1. Introduction to Machine Learning with TensorFlow
1. Introduction to Machine Learning with TensorFlow
Introduction
Implementing Artificial Neural Networks in TensorFlow
The TensorFlow Library in Python
Introduction to Tensors
Tensor Addition
Reshaping
Tensor Multiplication
Optimization
Activation functions
Summary
Free Chapter
2
2. Loading and Processing Data
2. Loading and Processing Data
Introduction
Exploring Data Types
Data Preprocessing
Processing Tabular Data
Processing Image Data
Image Augmentation
Text Processing
Audio Processing
Summary
3
3. TensorFlow Development
3. TensorFlow Development
Introduction
TensorBoard
TensorFlow Hub
Google Colab
Summary
4
4. Regression and Classification Models
4. Regression and Classification Models
Introduction
Sequential Models
Model Fitting
Classification Models
Summary
5
5. Classification Models
5. Classification Models
Introduction
Binary Classification
Metrics for Classifiers
Multi-Class Classification
Multi-Label Classification
Summary
6
6. Regularization and Hyperparameter Tuning
6. Regularization and Hyperparameter Tuning
Introduction
Regularization Techniques
Hyperparameter Tuning
Summary
7
7. Convolutional Neural Networks
7. Convolutional Neural Networks
Introduction
CNNs
Image Representation
The Convolutional Layer
Pooling Layer
Image Augmentation
Binary Image Classification
Object Classification
Summary
8
8. Pre-Trained Networks
8. Pre-Trained Networks
Introduction
ImageNet
Transfer Learning
Fine-Tuning
TensorFlow Hub
Feature Extraction
Summary
9
9. Recurrent Neural Networks
9. Recurrent Neural Networks
Introduction
Sequential Data
Recurrent Neural Networks
Natural Language Processing
Back Propagation Through Time (BPTT)
Summary
10
10. Custom TensorFlow Components
10. Custom TensorFlow Components
Introduction
TensorFlow APIs
Implementing Custom Loss Functions
Implementing Custom Layers
Summary
11
11. Generative Models
11. Generative Models
Introduction
Text Generation
Generative Adversarial Networks
Deep Convolutional Generative Adversarial Networks (DCGANs)
Summary
Appendix
1. Introduction to Machine Learning with TensorFlow
2. Loading and Processing Data
3. TensorFlow Development
4. Regression and Classification Models
5. Classification Models
6. Regularization and Hyperparameter Tuning
7. Convolutional Neural Networks
8. Pre-Trained Networks
9. Recurrent Neural Networks
10. Custom TensorFlow Components
11. Generative Models

Activation functions

Activation functions are mathematical functions that are generally applied to the outputs of ANN layers to limit or bound the values of the layer. The reason that values may want to be bounded is that without activation functions, the value and corresponding gradients can either explode or vanish, thereby making the results unusable. This is because the final value is the cumulative product of the values from each subsequent layer. As the number of layers increases, the likelihood of values and gradients exploding to infinity or vanishing to zero increases. This concept is known as the exploding and vanishing gradient problem. Deciding whether a node in a layer should be activated is another use of activation functions, hence their name. Common activation functions and their visual representation in Figure 1.36 are as follows:

  • Step function: The value is non-zero if it is above a certain threshold, otherwise it is zero. This is shown in Figure 1.36a...
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