Book Image

Transformers for Natural Language Processing - Second Edition

By : Denis Rothman
5 (1)
Book Image

Transformers for Natural Language Processing - Second Edition

5 (1)
By: Denis Rothman

Overview of this book

Transformers are...well...transforming the world of AI. There are many platforms and models out there, but which ones best suit your needs? Transformers for Natural Language Processing, 2nd Edition, guides you through the world of transformers, highlighting the strengths of different models and platforms, while teaching you the problem-solving skills you need to tackle model weaknesses. You'll use Hugging Face to pretrain a RoBERTa model from scratch, from building the dataset to defining the data collator to training the model. If you're looking to fine-tune a pretrained model, including GPT-3, then Transformers for Natural Language Processing, 2nd Edition, shows you how with step-by-step guides. The book investigates machine translations, speech-to-text, text-to-speech, question-answering, and many more NLP tasks. It provides techniques to solve hard language problems and may even help with fake news anxiety (read chapter 13 for more details). You'll see how cutting-edge platforms, such as OpenAI, have taken transformers beyond language into computer vision tasks and code creation using DALL-E 2, ChatGPT, and GPT-4. By the end of this book, you'll know how transformers work and how to implement them and resolve issues like an AI detective.
Table of Contents (25 chapters)
18
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19
Index
Appendix I — Terminology of Transformer Models

Downstream NLP Tasks with Transformers

Transformers reveal their full potential when we unleash pretrained models and watch them perform downstream Natural Language Understanding (NLU) tasks. It takes a lot of time and effort to pretrain and fine-tune a transformer model, but the effort is worthwhile when we see a multi-million parameter transformer model in action on a range of NLU tasks.

We will begin this chapter with the quest of outperforming the human baseline. The human baseline represents the performance of humans on an NLU task. Humans learn transduction at an early age and quickly develop inductive thinking. We humans perceive the world directly with our senses. Machine intelligence relies entirely on our perceptions transcribed into words to make sense of our language.

We will then see how to measure the performance of transformers. Measuring Natural Language Processing (NLP) tasks remains a straightforward approach involving accuracy scores in various forms based...