8.3 Stacks and Queues
Stacks and queues are two types of data structures that are widely used in computer science. They are similar to arrays and linked lists in many ways, but they have some important differences that make them particularly useful in certain situations.
A stack is a data structure that stores a collection of elements, with two main operations: push (which adds an element to the top of the stack) and pop (which removes the top element from the stack). The order in which elements are added to the stack determines the order in which they are removed: the last element added is always the first one to be removed. This makes stacks useful in situations where the order in which elements are processed is important, such as in a postfix expression evaluation.
A queue, on the other hand, is a data structure that stores a collection of elements, with two main operations: enqueue (which adds an element to the end of the queue) and dequeue (which removes the first element from...