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LLM Design Patterns

LLM Design Patterns

By : Ken Huang
3.5 (2)
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LLM Design Patterns

LLM Design Patterns

3.5 (2)
By: Ken Huang

Overview of this book

This practical guide for AI professionals enables you to build on the power of design patterns to develop robust, scalable, and efficient large language models (LLMs). Written by a global AI expert and popular author driving standards and innovation in Generative AI, security, and strategy, this book covers the end-to-end lifecycle of LLM development and introduces reusable architectural and engineering solutions to common challenges in data handling, model training, evaluation, and deployment. You’ll learn to clean, augment, and annotate large-scale datasets, architect modular training pipelines, and optimize models using hyperparameter tuning, pruning, and quantization. The chapters help you explore regularization, checkpointing, fine-tuning, and advanced prompting methods, such as reason-and-act, as well as implement reflection, multi-step reasoning, and tool use for intelligent task completion. The book also highlights Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG), graph-based retrieval, interpretability, fairness, and RLHF, culminating in the creation of agentic LLM systems. By the end of this book, you’ll be equipped with the knowledge and tools to build next-generation LLMs that are adaptable, efficient, safe, and aligned with human values.
Table of Contents (38 chapters)
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1
Part 1: Introduction and Data Preparation
8
Part 2: Training and Optimization of Large Language Models
16
Part 3: Evaluation and Interpretation of Large Language Models
23
Part 4: Advanced Prompt Engineering Techniques
30
Part 5: Retrieval and Knowledge Integration in Large Language Models

Components of RLHF systems

A typical RLHF system for LLMs consists of three main components:

  • Base language model: The pre-trained LLM to be fine-tuned
  • Reward model: A model trained on human preferences to provide feedback
  • Policy optimization: The process of updating the base model using the reward signal

The base language model serves as the starting point. This is the general-purpose large language model that has already undergone extensive pre-training on large-scale corpora using self-supervised objectives such as next-token prediction. At this stage, the model is capable of generating coherent language and demonstrating broad linguistic competence. However, it lacks alignment with human preferences, task-specific objectives, or context-dependent behavior expected in real-world deployment. This pre-trained model is the substrate upon which subsequent tuning is performed. Its architecture, training regime, and scaling have already been well-documented in literature...

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