Book Image

Natural Language Processing with TensorFlow - Second Edition

By : Thushan Ganegedara
2 (1)
Book Image

Natural Language Processing with TensorFlow - Second Edition

2 (1)
By: Thushan Ganegedara

Overview of this book

Learning how to solve natural language processing (NLP) problems is an important skill to master due to the explosive growth of data combined with the demand for machine learning solutions in production. Natural Language Processing with TensorFlow, Second Edition, will teach you how to solve common real-world NLP problems with a variety of deep learning model architectures. The book starts by getting readers familiar with NLP and the basics of TensorFlow. Then, it gradually teaches you different facets of TensorFlow 2.x. In the following chapters, you then learn how to generate powerful word vectors, classify text, generate new text, and generate image captions, among other exciting use-cases of real-world NLP. TensorFlow has evolved to be an ecosystem that supports a machine learning workflow through ingesting and transforming data, building models, monitoring, and productionization. We will then read text directly from files and perform the required transformations through a TensorFlow data pipeline. We will also see how to use a versatile visualization tool known as TensorBoard to visualize our models. By the end of this NLP book, you will be comfortable with using TensorFlow to build deep learning models with many different architectures, and efficiently ingest data using TensorFlow Additionally, you’ll be able to confidently use TensorFlow throughout your machine learning workflow.
Table of Contents (15 chapters)
12
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13
Index

Inference with NMT

Inferencing is slightly different from the training process for NMT (Figure 9.17). As we do not have a target sentence at the inference time, we need a way to trigger the decoder at the end of the encoding phase. It’s not difficult as we have already done the groundwork for this in the data we have. We simply kick off the decoder by using <s> as the first input to the decoder. Then we recursively call the decoder using the predicted word as the input for the next timestep. We continue this way until the model:

  • Outputs </s> as the predicted token or
  • Reaches a pre-defined sentence length

To do this, we have to define a new model using the existing weights of the training model. This is because our trained model is designed to consume a sequence of decoder inputs at once. We need a mechanism to recursively call the decoder. Here’s how we can define the inference model:

  • Define an encoder model that outputs...