Book Image

Hands-On GPU Programming with Python and CUDA

By : Dr. Brian Tuomanen
Book Image

Hands-On GPU Programming with Python and CUDA

By: Dr. Brian Tuomanen

Overview of this book

Hands-On GPU Programming with Python and CUDA hits the ground running: you’ll start by learning how to apply Amdahl’s Law, use a code profiler to identify bottlenecks in your Python code, and set up an appropriate GPU programming environment. You’ll then see how to “query” the GPU’s features and copy arrays of data to and from the GPU’s own memory. As you make your way through the book, you’ll launch code directly onto the GPU and write full blown GPU kernels and device functions in CUDA C. You’ll get to grips with profiling GPU code effectively and fully test and debug your code using Nsight IDE. Next, you’ll explore some of the more well-known NVIDIA libraries, such as cuFFT and cuBLAS. With a solid background in place, you will now apply your new-found knowledge to develop your very own GPU-based deep neural network from scratch. You’ll then explore advanced topics, such as warp shuffling, dynamic parallelism, and PTX assembly. In the final chapter, you’ll see some topics and applications related to GPU programming that you may wish to pursue, including AI, graphics, and blockchain. By the end of this book, you will be able to apply GPU programming to problems related to data science and high-performance computing.
Table of Contents (15 chapters)

Implementation of Cross-Entropy loss

Now, let's implement what is known as the cross-entropy loss function. This is used to measure how accurate an NN is on a small subset of data points during the training process; the bigger the value that is output by our loss function, the more inaccurate our NN is at properly classifying the given data. We do this by calculating a standard mean log-entropy difference between the expected output and the actual output of the NN. For numerical stability, we will limit the value of the output to 1:

MAX_ENTROPY = 1

def cross_entropy(predictions=None, ground_truth=None):

if predictions is None or ground_truth is None:
raise Exception("Error! Both predictions and ground truth must be float32 arrays")

p = np.array(predictions).copy()
y = np.array(ground_truth).copy()

if p.shape != y.shape:
raise Exception("Error! Both predictions...