Creating variables and conditionals
In programming, a variable is a way for your code to hold various types of data, or data types. Variables are convenient because when you create one, you can give it an identifier so that it may be easily referenced later. In most programming languages, these variables are typed; this means that the type of variable must be declared when it is created. If you were to create a variable that holds a number, for example, you could only assign data that is a number to that variable. In Roblox Lua, variables are not typed; if you were to initialize a variable as a number, you could later set it to anything else without issue.
Important note
It should be noted that there is a new option for a typed version of Lua, though it is currently in beta, and not available to the general public.
It is important that you know what the most common data types are before you begin programming.