Book Image

Internet of Things for Architects

By : Perry Lea
Book Image

Internet of Things for Architects

By: Perry Lea

Overview of this book

The Internet of Things (IoT) is the fastest growing technology market. Industries are embracing IoT technologies to improve operational expenses, product life, and people's well-being. An architectural guide is necessary if you want to traverse the spectrum of technologies needed to build a successful IoT system, whether that's a single device or millions of devices. This book encompasses the entire spectrum of IoT solutions, from sensors to the cloud. We start by examining modern sensor systems and focus on their power and functionality. After that, we dive deep into communication theory, paying close attention to near-range PAN, including the new Bluetooth® 5.0 specification and mesh networks. Then, we explore IP-based communication in LAN and WAN, including 802.11ah, 5G LTE cellular, Sigfox, and LoRaWAN. Next, we cover edge routing and gateways and their role in fog computing, as well as the messaging protocols of MQTT and CoAP. With the data now in internet form, you'll get an understanding of cloud and fog architectures, including the OpenFog standards. We wrap up the analytics portion of the book with the application of statistical analysis, complex event processing, and deep learning models. Finally, we conclude by providing a holistic view of the IoT security stack and the anatomical details of IoT exploits while countering them with software defined perimeters and blockchains.
Table of Contents (18 chapters)
Title Page
Packt Upsell
Contributors
Preface
Free Chapter
1
The IoT Story

LoRa and LoRaWAN


LPWAN also include technologies that are proprietary and not sponsored by 3GPP. It can be argued that some IEEE802.11 protocols should also be classified in LPWAN, but the next two sections will highlight LoRa and Sigfox. LoRa is a physical layer for a long-range and low-power IoT protocol while LoRaWAN represents the MAC layer. 

Note

These proprietary LPWAN technologies and carriers have the advantage of using the unlicensed spectrum and that, simply, is data plan cost. Typically, technologies like Sigfox and LoRaWAN will be 5x to 10x lower in their data rates compared to traditional 3G or LTE connections for large volume deployments (>100,000 units). That may change with more competition from Cat-M1, Cat-NB, and Cat-5 but it is too early to tell.

The architecture was originally developed by Cycleo in France but then acquired by the Semtech Corporation (a French mixed-signal electronics manufacturer) in 2012 for $5 million in cash. The LoRa Alliance was formed in March...