Genuino/Arduino is a range of open source microcontrollers developed by Massimo Banzi in Italy during the early 2000s. They have been geared toward students and the open source hardware hacking community. With products ranging from wearable microcontrollers to the wireless Arduino Yun, the range of projects available to enthusiasts is only limited by the imagination.
In the US, the product is branded with the Arduino name. Outside of the US you will see the Genuino branding. This is due to an ongoing legal dispute over the copyright outside of the US. You can read more about this at http://makezine.com/2015/05/16/arduino-adafruit-manufacturing-genuino/.
The full range of boards can be found at the official Arduino website at https://www.arduino.cc/en/Main/GenuinoBrand.
Software developed for Arduino is done via a free programming development environment. The Arduino sketch programming language was based upon the open source Wiring platform. You can read more...