We'll repeat the calculation from the previous example with NumPy. Execute the following code and see what happens:
import numpy as np
def func(x):
return np.exp(x) * np.cos(x)
a=0; b=8
dx = 0.1
for i in range(4):
x = np.arange(a, b + dx, dx)
f = func(x)
print("dx = {0} integral = {1}".format(dx, np.trapz(f,x)))
dx = dx / 10The output is shown in the following screenshot:
We defined a Python function that represents the mathematical function used in the previous example. We then used a for loop to numerically integrate the function with trapz, using different spacing of the independent variable x. The first argument to trapz
is a NumPy array that contains the values of the function to be integrated. The x values can be specified as either an array of values (which do not have to be uniformly spaced) or a single scalar value dx that defines the spacing between points. If the array containing the...