If your network does not include a DHCP server or it is disabled (typically, these are built in to most modern ADSL/cable modems or routers), you may need to configure your network settings manually.
Before you start, you will need to determine the network settings for your network.
You will need to find out the following information from your router's settings or another computer connected to the network:
IPv4 address: This address will need to be selected to be similar to other computers on the network (typically, the first three numbers should match, that is,
192.168.1.Xifnetmaskis255.255.255.0), but it should not already be used by another computer. However, avoidx.x.x.255as the last address since this is reserved as a broadcast address.Subnet mask: This number determines the range of addresses the computer will respond to (for a home network, it is typically
255.255.255.0, which allows up to 254 addresses). This is also sometimes referred to as the netmask.Default gateway address: This address is usually your router's IP address, through which the computers connect to the Internet.
DNS servers: The DNS server (Domain Name Service) converts names into IP addresses by looking them up. Usually, they will already be configured on your router, in which case you can use your router's address. Alternatively, your Internet Service Provider (ISP) may provide some addresses, or you can use Google's public DNS servers at the addresses
8.8.8.8and8.8.4.4. These are also called nameservers in some systems.
For Windows, you can obtain this information by connecting to the Internet and running the following command:
ipconfig /all
Locate the active connection (usually called Local Area Connection 1 or similar if you are using a wired connection or if you are using Wi-Fi, it is called wireless network connection) and find the information required as follows:
The ipconfig/all command shows useful information about your network settings
For Linux and Mac OS X, you can obtain the required information with the following command (note that it is ifconfig rather than ipconfig):
ifconfig
The DNS servers are called nameservers and are usually listed in the resolv.conf file. You can use the less command as follows to view its contents (press Q to quit when you have finished viewing it):
less /etc/resolv.conf
To set the network interface settings, edit /etc/network/interfaces using the following code:
sudo nano /etc/network/interfaces
Now, perform the following steps:
We can add the details for our particular network, the IP
addressnumber we want to allocate to it, thenetmaskaddress of the network, and thegatewayaddress as follows:iface eth0 inet static address 192.168.1.10 netmask 255.255.255.0 gateway 192.168.1.254
Save and exit by pressing Ctrl + X, Y, and Enter.
To set the nameservers for DNS, edit
/etc/resolv.confusing the following code:sudo nano /etc/resolv.confAdd the addresses for your DNS servers as follows:
nameserver 8.8.8.8 nameserver 8.8.4.4
Save and exit by pressing Ctrl + X, Y, and Enter.
You can configure the network settings by editing cmdline.txt in the BOOT partition and adding settings to the startup command line with ip.
The ip option takes the following form:
ip=client-ip:nfsserver-ip:gw-ip:netmask:hostname:device:autoconf
The
client-ipoption is the IP address you want to allocate to the Raspberry Pi.The
gw-ipoption will set the gateway server address if you need to set it manually.The
netmaskoption will directly set the netmask of the network.The
hostnameoption will allow you to change the defaultraspberrypihostname.The
deviceoption allows you to specify a default network device if more than one network device is present.The
autoconfoption allows the automatic configuration to be switched on or off.