Book Image

Industrial Automation from Scratch

By : Olushola Akande
Book Image

Industrial Automation from Scratch

By: Olushola Akande

Overview of this book

Industrial automation has become a popular solution for various industries looking to reduce manual labor inputs and costs by automating processes. This book helps you discover the abilities necessary for excelling in this field. The book starts with the basics of industrial automation before progressing to the application of switches, sensors, actuators, and motors, and a direct on-line (DOL) starter and its components, such as circuit breakers, contactors, and overload relay. Next, you'll explore VFDs, their parameter settings, and how they can be wired and programmed for induction motor control. As you advance, you'll learn the wiring and programming of major industrial automation tools – PLCs, HMIs, and SCADA. You’ll also get to grips with process control and measurements (temperature, pressure, level, and flow), along with analog signal processing with hands-on experience in connecting a 4–20 mA transmitter to a PLC. The concluding chapters will help you grasp various industrial network protocols such as FOUNDATION Fieldbus, Modbus, PROFIBUS, PROFINET, and HART, as well as emerging trends in manufacturing (Industry 4.0) and its empowering technologies (such as IoT, AI, and robotics). By the end of this book, you’ll have gained a practical understanding of industrial automation concepts for machine automation and control.
Table of Contents (21 chapters)
1
Part 1: Learning the Concepts and Skills Required to Get Started
8
Part 2: Understanding PLC, HMI, and SCADA
14
Part 3: Process Control, Industrial Network, and Smart Factory

Using the counter instruction

This is an instruction that can either count up or down when its input is triggered, and an output is activated when the set value is reached. It can be used to determine the number of times an event has happened in a process. In this section, we will be looking at the common counter instructions, including counting up and counting down.

Count up (CTU)

The count up instruction will count up or increase by 1 each time its input is triggered (0 to 1); for example, when a button is pressed and released or when a sensor is activated. The counter’s output will be energized when the number of times the input is triggered (current value of the counter) is equal to, or greater than, the pre-set value (PV).

In this example, a pilot lamp (PL1) is connected to Q0.0. A PNP proximity sensor (NO) is connected to I0.0 and a normally open push button is connected to I0.1, as shown in the following wiring diagram:

Figure 9.41 – PLC wiring for using the counter instruction with a proximity sensor

Figure 9.41...