We have looked at the intricate way that access to variables and their scope is controlled, and it would serve us well to look at an example of them in action. These will not so much be practical real-world examples of variable use, but more a demonstration to help understand access modifiers for classes, methods, and variables alongside the different types of variable, such as reference or primitive and local or instance, along with the new concepts of static and final variables and the this keyword.
The completed code is in the chapter 11 folder of the download bundle. It is called Access Scope This And Static.
Create a new Empty Activity project and call it Access Scope This And Static.
Create a new class by right-clicking on the existing MainActivity class in the project explorer and clicking New | Class. Name the new class AlienShip.
Now, we will declare our new class and some member variables. Note that numShips is private and static. We will...