Puppet 5 Cookbook - Fourth Edition

Puppet 5 Cookbook - Fourth Edition

By : Thomas Uphill

Buy this Book

Puppet 5 Cookbook - Fourth Edition

By: Thomas Uphill

Buy this Book

Overview of this book

Puppet is a configuration management system that automates all your IT configurations, giving you control of managing each node. Puppet 5 Cookbook will take you through Puppet's latest and most advanced features, including Docker containers, Hiera, and AWS Cloud Orchestration. Updated with the latest advancements and best practices, this book delves into various aspects of writing good Puppet code, which includes using Puppet community style, checking your manifests with puppet-lint, and learning community best practices with an emphasis on real-world implementation. You will learn to set up, install, and create your first manifests with version control, and also learn about various sysadmin tasks, including managing configuration files, using Augeas, and generating files from snippets and templates. As the book progresses, you'll explore virtual resources and use Puppet's resource scheduling and auditing features. In the concluding chapters, you'll walk through managing applications and writing your own resource types, providers, and external node classifiers. By the end of this book, you will have learned to report, log, and debug your system.

Title Page

Packt Upsell

Contributors

Preface

Free Chapter

Puppet Language and Style

Introduction

Adding a resource to a node

Using facter to describe a node

Using puppet facts

Installing a package before starting a service

Installing, configuring, and starting a service

Using community Puppet style

Installing Puppet

Creating a manifest

Checking your manifests with puppet-lint

Making modules

Using standard naming conventions

Using inline templates

Iterating over multiple items

Writing powerful conditional statements

Using regular expressions in if statements

Using selectors and case statements

Using the in operator

Using regular expression substitutions

Puppet 5 changes

Puppet 4/5 changes

Puppet Infrastructure

Introduction

Managing your manifests with Git

Creating a decentralized Puppet architecture

Writing a papply script

Running Puppet from cron

Bootstrapping Puppet with bash

Creating a centralized Puppet infrastructure

Creating certificates with multiple DNS names

Setting up the environment

Configuring PuppetDB

Configuring Hiera

Environment-specific Hiera

Setting node-specific data with Hiera

Writing a custom Hiera5 function

Storing secret data with hiera-eyaml

Automatic syntax-checking with Git hooks

Pushing code around with Git

Managing environments with Git

Writing Better Manifests

Introduction

Using arrays of resources

Using resource defaults

Using defined types

Using tags

Using run stages

Using roles and profiles

Using data types in Puppet

Passing parameters to classes

Passing parameters from Hiera

Writing reusable, cross-platform manifests

Getting information about the environment

Importing dynamic information

Passing arguments to shell commands

Working with Files and Packages

Introduction

Making quick edits to config files

Editing INI-style files with puppetlabs-inifile

Using Augeas to reliably edit config files

Building config files using snippets

Using ERB templates

Using array iterations in templates

Using EPP templates

Using GnuPG to encrypt secrets

Comparing package versions

Users and Virtual Resources

Introduction

Using virtual resources

Managing users with virtual resources

Managing users' SSH access

Managing users' customization files

Using exported resources

Managing Resources and Files

Introduction

Distributing cron jobs efficiently

Scheduling when resources are to be applied

Using host resources

Using exported host resources

Using multiple file sources

Distributing and merging directory trees

Cleaning up old files

Auditing resources

Temporarily disabling resources

Managing Applications

Introduction

Using public modules

Managing Apache servers

Creating Apache virtual hosts

Creating NGINX virtual hosts

Managing MariaDB

Creating databases and users

Servers and Cloud Infrastructure

Introduction

Managing firewalls with iptables

Building high-availability services using Keepalived

Managing NFS servers and file shares

Using HAProxy to load balance multiple web servers

Managing EC2 instances

Managing virtual machines with Vagrant

Managing Docker with Puppet

External Tools and the Puppet Ecosystem

Introduction

Creating custom facts

Adding external facts

Setting facts as environment variables

Generating manifests with the Puppet resource command

Generating manifests with other tools

Using PDK

Using an external node classifier

Creating your own resource types

Creating your own providers

Creating custom functions

Testing your puppet manifests with rspec-puppet

Monitoring, Reporting, and Troubleshooting

Introduction

Noop—the don't-change-anything option

Logging the command output

Logging debug messages

Generating reports

Producing automatic HTML documentation

Drawing dependency graphs

Understanding Puppet errors

Inspecting configuration settings

Other Books You May Enjoy

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Using puppet facts

As we'll see in subsequent chapters, factermay be extended with custom facts written in Ruby. By default, custom facts are not loaded when you run facter.

How to do it...

To pull in the custom facts, you need to specify the -p option to facter, as shown here:

t@cookbook:~$ facter puppetversion

t@cookbook:~$ facter -p puppetversion
5.5.2

Although still valid, the facter -p syntax is now deprecated in favor of using the Puppet face, facts. Puppet faces are the various sub-applications supported by the Puppet command. To see the available faces, run Puppet help, as shown here:

t@cookbook:~$ puppet help

Usage: puppet <subcommand> [options] <action> [options]

Available subcommands:

 agent             The puppet agent daemon
 apply             Apply Puppet manifests locally
 ca                Local Puppet Certificate Authority management. (Deprecated)
 catalog           Compile, save, view, and convert catalogs.
 cert              Manage certificates and requests
 certificate       Provide access to the CA for certificate management.
 certificate_request  Manage certificate requests. (Deprecated)
 certificate_revocation_list  Manage the list of revoked certificates. (Deprecated)
 config            Interact with Puppet's settings.
 describe          Display help about resource types
 device            Manage remote network devices
 doc               Generate Puppet references
 epp               Interact directly with the EPP template parser/renderer.
 facts             Retrieve and store facts.
 filebucket        Store and retrieve files in a filebucket
 generate          Generates Puppet code from Ruby definitions.
 help              Display Puppet help.
 key               Create, save, and remove certificate keys. (Deprecated)
 lookup            Interactive Hiera lookup
 man               Display Puppet manual pages.
 master            The puppet master daemon
 module            Creates, installs and searches for modules on the Puppet Forge.
 node              View and manage node definitions.
 parser            Interact directly with the parser.
 plugin            Interact with the Puppet plugin system.
 report            Create, display, and submit reports.
 resource          The resource abstraction layer shell
 status            View puppet server status. (Deprecated)

One difference between facter and Puppet facts is that you may request a single fact from facter, whereas Puppet facts will return all the facts for a node at once as a JSON object (you may request other formats with the --render-as option).

Puppet 5 Cookbook - Fourth Edition

By : Thomas Uphill

Puppet 5 Cookbook - Fourth Edition

By: Thomas Uphill

Overview of this book

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