Java Database Connectivity API was the first interface used by Java programmers to connect to database systems. Even if many new database persistence methods for Java programmers have been developed recently (for example, Entity, JDO, Hibernate, and many others), most database access code running in today's systems is written as plain JDBC.
The reason for the popularity of JDBC, besides the obvious fact that it was the first API released, is that it does not require any special knowledge to get started with it. Just feed the native SQL to your JDBC interfaces and collect the result.
JDBC tuning follows the same pattern as any tuning process, that is, you should at first measure the performance of your application in production and then evaluate possible corrections. However, it's worth to know some basic tuning techniques, which are available from the outset without sacrificing good design and coding practices.
These basic principles, which are described in the following sections...