Book Image

Learn Docker - Fundamentals of Docker 18.x

By : Dr. Gabriel N. Schenker
Book Image

Learn Docker - Fundamentals of Docker 18.x

By: Dr. Gabriel N. Schenker

Overview of this book

Docker containers have revolutionized the software supply chain in small and big enterprises. Never before has a new technology so rapidly penetrated the top 500 enterprises worldwide. Companies that embrace containers and containerize their traditional mission-critical applications have reported savings of at least 50% in total maintenance cost and a reduction of 90% (or more) of the time required to deploy new versions of those applications. Furthermore they are benefitting from increased security just by using containers as opposed to running applications outside containers. This book starts from scratch, introducing you to Docker fundamentals and setting up an environment to work with it. Then we delve into concepts such as Docker containers, Docker images, Docker Compose, and so on. We will also cover the concepts of deployment, orchestration, networking, and security. Furthermore, we explain Docker functionalities on public clouds such as AWS. By the end of this book, you will have hands-on experience working with Docker containers and orchestrators such as SwarmKit and Kubernetes.

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Table of Contents (21 chapters)
Title Page
Title Page
Packt Upsell
Packt Upsell
Contributors
Contributors
Preface
Preface
Free Chapter
1
What Are Containers and Why Should I Use Them?
What Are Containers and Why Should I Use Them?
Technical requirements
What are containers?
Why are containers important?
What's the benefit for me or for my company?
The Moby project
Docker products
The container ecosystem
Container architecture
Summary
Questions
Further reading
2
Setting up a Working Environment
Setting up a Working Environment
Technical requirements
The Linux command shell
PowerShell for Windows
Using a package manager
Choosing a code editor
Docker Toolbox
Docker for Mac and Docker for Windows
Minikube
Summary
Questions
Further reading
3
Working with Containers
Working with Containers
Technical requirements
Running the first container
Starting, stopping, and removing containers
Inspecting containers
Exec into a running container
Attaching to a running container
Retrieving container logs
Anatomy of containers
Summary
Questions
Further reading
4
Creating and Managing Container Images
Creating and Managing Container Images
What are images?
Creating images
Sharing or shipping images
Summary
Questions
Further reading
5
Data Volumes and System Management
Data Volumes and System Management
Technical requirements
Creating and mounting data volumes
Sharing data between containers
Using host volumes
Defining volumes in images
Obtaining Docker system information
Listing resource consumption
Pruning unused resources
Consuming Docker system events
Summary
Questions
Further reading
6
Distributed Application Architecture
Distributed Application Architecture
What is a distributed application architecture?
Patterns and best practices
Running in production
Summary
Questions
Further reading
7
Single-Host Networking
Single-Host Networking
Technical requirements
The container network model
Network firewalling
The bridge network
The host network
The null network
Running in an existing network namespace
Port management
Summary
Questions
Further reading
8
Docker Compose
Docker Compose
Technical requirements
Demystifying declarative versus imperative
Running a multi-service app
Scaling a service
Building and pushing an application
Summary
Questions
Further reading
9
Orchestrators
Orchestrators
What are orchestrators and why do we need them?
The tasks of an orchestrator
Overview of popular orchestrators
Summary
Questions
Further reading
10
Introduction to Docker Swarm
Introduction to Docker Swarm
Architecture
Swarm nodes
Stacks, services, and tasks
Multi-host networking
Creating a Docker Swarm
Deploying a first application
The swarm routing mesh
Summary
Questions
Further reading
11
Zero Downtime Deployments and Secrets
Zero Downtime Deployments and Secrets
Technical requirements
Zero downtime deployment
Secrets
Summary
Questions
Further reading
12
Introduction to Kubernetes
Introduction to Kubernetes
Technical requirements
Architecture
Kubernetes master nodes
Cluster nodes
Introduction to Minikube
Kubernetes support in Docker for Desktop
Pods
Kubernetes ReplicaSet
Kubernetes deployment
Kubernetes service
Context-based routing
Comparing SwarmKit with Kubernetes
Summary
Questions
Further reading
13
Deploying, Updating, and Securing an Application with Kubernetes
Deploying, Updating, and Securing an Application with Kubernetes
Technical requirements
Deploying a first application
Zero downtime deployments
Kubernetes secrets
Summary
Questions
Further reading
14
Running a Containerized App in the Cloud
Running a Containerized App in the Cloud
Technical requirements
Deploying our application into AWS ECS
Deploying and using Docker EE on AWS
A short peek into Azure’s container offerings
A short peek into Google’s container offerings
Summary
Questions
Further reading
Assessment
Assessment
Chapter 1
Chapter 2
Chapter 3
Chapter 4
Chapter 5
Chapter 6
Chapter 7
Chapter 8
Chapter 9
Chapter 10
Chapter 11
Chapter 12
Chapter 13
Chapter 14
Other Books You May Enjoy
Other Books You May Enjoy
Leave a review - let other readers know what you think
Index
Index

The container ecosystem

There has never been a new technology introduced in IT that penetrated the landscape so quickly and so thoroughly than containers. Any company that doesn't want to be left behind cannot ignore containers. This huge interest in containers from all sectors of the industry has triggered a lot of innovation in this sector. Numerous companies have specialized in containers and either provide products that build on top of this technology or build tools that support it.

Initially, Docker didn't have a solution for container orchestration thus other companies or projects, open source or not, tried to close this gap. The most prominent one is Kubernetes which was initiated by Google and then later donated to the CNCF. Other container orchestration products are Apache Mesos, Rancher, Red Hat's Open Shift, Docker's own Swarm, and more. 

More recently, the trend goes towards a service mesh. This is the new buzz word. As we containerize more and more applications, and as we refactor those applications into more microservice-oriented applications, we run into problems that simple orchestration software cannot solve anymore in a reliable and scalable way. Topics in this area are service discovery, monitoring, tracing, and log aggregation. Many new projects have emerged in this area, the most popular one at this time being Istio, which is also part of the CNCF.

Many say that the next step in the evolution of software are functions, or more precisely, Functions as a Service (FaaS). Some projects exist that provide exactly this kind of service and are built on top of containers. One prominent example is OpenFaaS.

We have only scratched the surface of the container ecosystem. All big IT companies such as Google, Microsoft, Intel, Red Hat, IBM, and more are working feverishly on containers and related technologies. The CNCF that is mainly about containers and related technologies, has so many registered projects, that they do not all fit on a poster anymore. It's an exciting time to work in this area. And in my humble opinion, this is only the beginning. 

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