A graph is an abstract model of a network structure. A graph is a set of nodes (or vertices) connected by edges. Learning about graphs is important because any binary relationship can be represented by a graph.
Any social network, such as Facebook, Twitter, and Google plus, can be represented by a graph.
We can also use graphs to represent roads, flights, and communications, as shown in the following image:
Let's learn more about the mathematical and technical concepts of graphs.
A graph G = (V, E) is composed of:
V: A set of vertices
E: A set of edges connecting the vertices in V
The following diagram represents a graph:
Let's cover some graph terminology before we start implementing any algorithms.
Vertices connected by an edge are called adjacent vertices. For example, A and B are adjacent, A and D are adjacent, A and C are adjacent, and A and E are not adjacent.
A degree of a vertex consists of the number of adjacent vertices. For example, A is connected to other three vertices...