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Mastering Embedded Linux Programming

Mastering Embedded Linux Programming

By : Chris Simmonds
4.8 (20)
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Mastering Embedded Linux Programming

Mastering Embedded Linux Programming

4.8 (20)
By: Chris Simmonds

Overview of this book

Mastering Embedded Linux Programming takes you through the product cycle and gives you an in-depth description of the components and options that are available at each stage. You will begin by learning about toolchains, bootloaders, the Linux kernel, and how to configure a root filesystem to create a basic working device. You will then learn how to use the two most commonly used build systems, Buildroot and Yocto, to speed up and simplify the development process. Building on this solid base, the next section considers how to make best use of raw NAND/NOR flash memory and managed flash eMMC chips, including mechanisms for increasing the lifetime of the devices and to perform reliable in-field updates. Next, you need to consider what techniques are best suited to writing applications for your device. We will then see how functions are split between processes and the usage of POSIX threads, which have a big impact on the responsiveness and performance of the final device The closing sections look at the techniques available to developers for profiling and tracing applications and kernel code using perf and ftrace.
Table of Contents (16 chapters)
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15
Index

Character devices


These devices are identified in user space by a filename: if you want to read from a UART, you open the device node, for example, the first serial port on the ARM Versatile Express would be /dev/ttyAMA0. The driver is identified differently in the kernel, using the major number which, in the example given, is 204. Since the UART driver can handle more than one UART, there is a second number, called the minor number, which identifies a specific interface, 64, in this case:

# ls -l /dev/ttyAMA*

crw-rw----    1 root     root      204,  64 Jan  1  1970 /dev/ttyAMA0
crw-rw----    1 root     root      204,  65 Jan  1  1970 /dev/ttyAMA1
crw-rw----    1 root     root      204,  66 Jan  1  1970 /dev/ttyAMA2
crw-rw----    1 root     root      204,  67 Jan  1  1970 /dev/ttyAMA3

The list of standard major and minor numbers can be found in the kernel documentation, in Documentation/devices.txt. The list does not get updated very often and does not include the ttyAMA device described...

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